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+![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/p1p5sy-1.webp) + +# 过滤器 +## 实现机制 +过滤器是Servlet规范的一部分，独立于Spring存在，主要用于过滤请求和响应，可以对所有类型的请求进行处理。 +## 使用范围 +可以过滤所有的请求，包括静态资源,jsp,html等，因为它在Servlet容器层面生效。 +## 配置方法 +需要实现Filter接口，通过标准的Servlet配置方式进行注册： +https://www.cnblogs.com/xfeiyun/p/15790555.html + +https://juejin.cn/post/7000950677409103880 + +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nk3hly-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nker0x-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nkq0yb-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nl2e0e-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nq0cv2-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nq24rg-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nq3xj5-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nqp845-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nqzx04-1.webp) +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/nr35ne-1.webp) + +## 执行顺序 +先于拦截器执行，因为过滤器作用于Servlet容器层面，拦截器作用在Spring MVC 的处理器映射器找到控制器前或者后执行。 + +## 功能侧重 +侧重于过滤请求和响应的内容，比如设置编码格式，安全控制等。 + +# 拦截器 +## 实现机制 +拦截器是Spring框架的一部分，基于Java的反射机制实现，主要针对的是Handler的调用 + +## 使用范围 +主要用于拦截访问DispathcherServlet的请求，通常只适用于Spring MVC的应用程序中的请求处理方法。 + + +## 配置方式 +需要实现org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor接口，并在Spring配置文件中进行注册。 +可以通过实现WebMvcConfigurer接口的addInterceptors方法来进行注册。 +![](https://blog.meowrain.cn/api/i/2025/09/22/p51up4-1.webp) +```java +package com.example.interceptor; + +import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; +import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; +import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; +import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; + +/** + * @author wipe + * @version 1.0 + */ + +public class MyInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor { + + @Override//目标资源方法执行前执行。 返回true：放行 返回false：不放行 + public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { + + System.out.println("MyInterceptor1 ... preHandle"); + return true; + } + + @Override//目标资源方法执行后执行 + public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { + System.out.println("MyInterceptor1 ... postHandle"); + } + + @Override//视图渲染完毕后执行，最后执行 + public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { + System.out.println("MyInterceptor1 ... afterCompletion"); + } +} + +``` +```java +package com.example.config; + +import com.example.filter.MyFilter1; +import com.example.filter.MyFilter2; +import com.example.interceptor.MyInterceptor1; +import com.example.interceptor.MyInterceptor2; +import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; +import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; +import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; +/** + * @author wipe + * @version 1.0 + */ +@Configuration +public class MyConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { + + + @Override + public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { + // 添加拦截器，并指定执行顺序，也可以通过将拦截器声明成 bean 对象，然后通过 @Order 注解或者实现 Order 接口指定执行顺序 + registry.addInterceptor(new MyInterceptor1()).order(1); + registry.addInterceptor(new MyInterceptor2()).order(2); + } + + + @Bean// 这样配置可以指定过滤器的执行顺序 + public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter1() { + FilterRegistrationBean filter = new FilterRegistrationBean<>(); + filter.setFilter(new MyFilter1()); + filter.addUrlPatterns("/*"); + filter.setOrder(1); + return filter; + } + + @Bean + public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter2() { + FilterRegistrationBean filter = new FilterRegistrationBean<>(); + filter.setFilter(new MyFilter2()); + filter.addUrlPatterns("/*"); + filter.setOrder(2); + return filter; + } +} + +``` +也可以直接用@Component注册Interceptor +## 执行顺序 +可以指定多个拦截器之间的执行顺序，通过实现Ordered接口或者使用@Order注解来控制。 + +## 功能侧重 +侧重于业务逻辑的前置检查，权限验证，日志记录等。